Guidelines for the use of flow cytometry and cell sorting in immunological studies (second edition)

These guidelines are a consensus work of a considerable number of members of the immunology and flow cytometry community. They provide the theory and key practical aspects of flow cytometry enabling immunologists to avoid the common errors that often undermine immunological data. Notably, there are comprehensive sections of all major immune cell types with helpful Tables detailing phenotypes in murine and human cells. The latest flow cytometry techniques and applications are also described, featuring examples of the data that can be generated and, importantly, how the data can be analysed. Furthermore, there are sections detailing tips, tricks and pitfalls to avoid, all written and peer-reviewed by leading experts in the field, making this an essential research companion

The effect of damping coefficients on the torsional vibration of the damped multi-branch gears system

The effect of the damping coefficients has been considered to estimate the torsional vibration of the multi-branch gears systems. In this paper, the effect of the viscous damping between the gears and the fluid in which the gear is working and the effect of the structural damping of the shafts in a three-branched gear system is investigated. Initially, the governing equations were derived and then the damping effects were studied using MATLAB code. In order to validate the results which prepared by MATLAB code are compared with the other computational methods. To investigate the effects of the stiffness and damping on the shafts and gears, different gear branch systems are considered. Some of the vibration results on the damped gear branched systems with viscous damper and structural damper are analyzed and discussed

Investigation of Statistical Distribution of Energization Overvoltages in 380 kV Hybrid OHL-Cable Systems

Switching operations in power systems can produce significant overvoltages under specific circumstances. With the increasing application of underground cables in transmission systems, the statistical distribution of energization overvoltages is expected to change substantially due to the different electrical characteristics of cables and OHLs. Therefore, it is crucial to perform an insulation coordination study by analysis of the statistical distribution of energization overvoltages. This paper presents a statistical switching analysis on a hybrid OHL-Cable circuit to investigate how such hybrid circuits can affect the distribution of overvoltages. The literature has addressed the distribution of energization overvoltages only for OHLs or cables, but such an study is not available for hybrid systems consisting of OHLs and cables combined. The study is carried out for different cable lengths in the case study to identify how an increasing cable share in the circuit influences the overvoltages distribution due to no-load energization. Moreover, the impact of symmetrical and asymmetrical circuit structures is also addressed. The study is carried out on a distributed frequency-dependent parameter model of the Dutch 380 kV grid in PSCAD/EMTDC.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Intelligent Electrical Power GridsEEMCS - Genera

Intravenous heterologous prime-boost vaccination activates innate and adaptive immunity to promote tumor regression

Summary: Therapeutic neoantigen cancer vaccines have limited clinical efficacy to date. Here, we identify a heterologous prime-boost vaccination strategy using a self-assembling peptide nanoparticle TLR-7/8 agonist (SNP) vaccine prime and a chimp adenovirus (ChAdOx1) vaccine boost that elicits potent CD8 T cells and tumor regression. ChAdOx1 administered intravenously (i.v.) had 4-fold higher antigen-specific CD8 T cell responses than mice boosted by the intramuscular (i.m.) route. In the therapeutic MC38 tumor model, i.v. heterologous prime-boost vaccination enhances regression compared with ChAdOx1 alone. Remarkably, i.v. boosting with a ChAdOx1 vector encoding an irrelevant antigen also mediates tumor regression, which is dependent on type I IFN signaling. Single-cell RNA sequencing of the tumor myeloid compartment shows that i.v. ChAdOx1 reduces the frequency of immunosuppressive Chil3 monocytes and activates cross-presenting type 1 conventional dendritic cells (cDC1s). The dual effect of i.v. ChAdOx1 vaccination enhancing CD8 T cells and modulating the TME represents a translatable paradigm for enhancing anti-tumor immunity in humans

Countermeasures of Zero-missing Phenomenon in (E)HV Cable Systems

Zero-missing is a phenomenon in shunt compensated cable systems in which the current through the line breaker does not cross the zero point for several cycles. This paper deals with a thorough investigation on countermeasures of the zero-missing phenomenon in transmission systems and determines the requirements, benefits, and risks of applying each method. The effectiveness of countermeasures is studied on a simulated cable project with different cable lengths in an actual grid model of the Dutch 380 kV transmission system. Results are analyzed based on three criteria related to the IEC standards and the Dutch grid code. In addition, the switching sequence of circuit-breakers is specified to maximize the effectiveness of the countermeasures. A statistical switching analysis is performed for the insulation coordination study since the application of some countermeasures increases the probability of high transient switching overvoltages. Moreover, the closing variation threshold of circuit-breakers is calculated as a function of the circuit impedance and the shunt compensation degree.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Intelligent Electrical Power GridsEEMCS - Genera

Single-Cell Analysis of Human Mononuclear Phagocytes Reveals Subset-Defining Markers and Identifies Circulating Inflammatory Dendritic Cells

Human mononuclear phagocytes comprise phenotypically and functionally overlapping subsets of dendritic cells (DCs) and monocytes, but the extent of their heterogeneity and distinct markers for subset identification remains elusive. By integrating high-dimensional single-cell protein and RNA expression data, we identified distinct markers to delineate monocytes from conventional DC2 (cDC2s). Using CD88 and CD89 for monocytes and HLA-DQ and FcεRIα for cDC2s allowed for their specific identification in blood and tissues. We also showed that cDC2s could be subdivided into phenotypically and functionally distinct subsets based on CD5, CD163, and CD14 expression, including a distinct subset of circulating inflammatory CD5−CD163+CD14+ cells related to previously defined DC3s. These inflammatory DC3s were expanded in systemic lupus erythematosus patients and correlated with disease activity. These findings further unravel the heterogeneity of DC subpopulations in health and disease and may pave the way for the identification of specific DC subset-targeting therapies. Using high-dimensional protein and RNA single-cell analyses, Dutertre et al. analyze human dendritic cell and monocyte subsets and identify markers that delineate them and unravel their heterogeneity. They also reveal the presence of inflammatory CD14+ DC3s, a subset of cDC2s, that correlate with disease progression and may be functionally involved in systemic lupus erythematosus immunopathology. © 2019 Elsevier Inc

Single-Cell Analysis of Human Mononuclear Phagocytes Reveals Subset-Defining Markers and Identifies Circulating Inflammatory Dendritic Cells

Human mononuclear phagocytes comprise phenotypically and functionally overlapping subsets of dendritic cells (DCs) and monocytes, but the extent of their heterogeneity and distinct markers for subset identification remains elusive. By integrating high-dimensional single-cell protein and RNA expression data, we identified distinct markers to delineate monocytes from conventional DC2 (cDC2s). Using CD88 and CD89 for monocytes and HLA-DQ and FcεRIα for cDC2s allowed for their specific identification in blood and tissues. We also showed that cDC2s could be subdivided into phenotypically and functionally distinct subsets based on CD5, CD163, and CD14 expression, including a distinct subset of circulating inflammatory CD5−CD163+CD14+ cells related to previously defined DC3s. These inflammatory DC3s were expanded in systemic lupus erythematosus patients and correlated with disease activity. These findings further unravel the heterogeneity of DC subpopulations in health and disease and may pave the way for the identification of specific DC subset-targeting therapies. Using high-dimensional protein and RNA single-cell analyses, Dutertre et al. analyze human dendritic cell and monocyte subsets and identify markers that delineate them and unravel their heterogeneity. They also reveal the presence of inflammatory CD14+ DC3s, a subset of cDC2s, that correlate with disease progression and may be functionally involved in systemic lupus erythematosus immunopathology. © 2019 Elsevier Inc